巴喀油田地应力研究与应用   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

乔向阳  刘成  徐冰涛  周福生 《新疆地质》2001,19(4):300-304

随着对地应力认识的逐步加深，它在油气勘探开发中的作用日益受到重视。文章运用多种方法确定了巴喀油田现代最大主应力的方向，利用水力压裂资料估算了3个方向主应力的大小及分布规律，力图客观真实地反映出巴喀油田现今地应力的状况，并简单阐述了裂缝与古今地应力的关系及在不同开发时期的作用。在此基础上，结合巴喀油田的生产情况，提出了有关井网调整、压裂改造和注水的一些看法。  相似文献   

煤中砷的迁移及富集机理   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

卢爱卿  任守政  石勇  张会勇 《新疆地质》2001,19(4):309-311

As是煤中的毒害性元素之一，煤在开采、运输、燃烧以及其它加工利用过程中，煤中的As进入大气、水及土壤中，对环境造成严重危害。通过详细对As的赋存特征、迁移规律和富集机理的讨论，为高砷煤的利用和对砷污染的控制提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

作用在裂隙中的渗透力分析   总被引：14，自引：2，他引：14  

柴军瑞  仵彦卿 《工程地质学报》2001,9(1):29-31

裂隙岩体中流体对岩体的作用力, 是研究岩体稳定性的重要问题。本文认为流体作用于裂隙壁面上的力包括两部分, 即垂直于裂隙壁面的流体静水压力 (导致裂隙垂向变形)和平行于裂隙壁面的拖曳力 (导致裂隙切向变形), 此拖曳力为面力。文中以单裂隙水流的立方定律为基础, 运用流体力学的动量方程, 推导出了单一平直光滑无充填裂隙、有充填的裂隙及水流和充填物一起运动情况下, 裂隙壁面承受的切向拖曳力公式。该公式对于分析流体对裂隙岩体变形性能及强度的影响具有重要价值。  相似文献   

关于剪应力和剪应变的思考   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

熊道锟 《四川地质学报》2001,21(3):129-132

对力学中广泛应用的剪应力互等定理提出了质颖，认为该定理并不能广泛成立。根据内力分析的基本原理，运用截面法分析了该定理成立的条件和适用的范围。回顾了现有剪应变概念的主要描述形式，在讨论和分析其内涵的不确定性的基础上，对剪应变的概念作了修正。  相似文献   

永春地热资源赋存规律与开发研究     

陈文林 《中国煤田地质》2002,14(3):44-45,74

永春地热田热资源赋存规律是其特殊地质构造制约地下水运动的结果。温泉沿着北西向张性断裂和北东向压扭性断裂构造的复合部位出露，具有链状分布的特征。经对热田地质背景、水文地质条件及成因机理分析认为：地热水赋存在以北西向断裂上盘和北东向断裂构成的锐角楔形内，是理想的布井取水部位。  相似文献   

再论我国耕地的保护和完善保护机制的问题   总被引：2，自引：4，他引：2  

陈朝辉 《热带地理》2002,22(3):253-256

耕地是保证社会经济发展最重要的自然资源，由于耕地必须具备特殊的自然条件。因而决定其数量的有限性，在人多地少的我国，保护好耕地尤为重要，目前我国耕地安全存在严重危机，必须采取有效措施使之得到切实保护，以保证我国社会经济的顺利发展。  相似文献   

Aftershock sequences in the mid-ocean ridge environment: an analysis using hydroacoustic data     

D. R. Bohnenstiehl  M. Tolstoy  R. P. Dziak  C. G. Fox  D. K. Smith 《Tectonophysics》2002,354(1-2)

Hydroacoustic data from autonomous arrays and the U.S. Navy's Sound Surveillance System (SOSUS) provide an opportunity to examine the temporal and spatial properties of seismicity along portions of the slow-spreading Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR), intermediate-spreading Juan de Fuca Ridge (JdFR) and fast-spreading East Pacific Rise (EPR). Aftershock and foreshock events are selected from the hydroacoustic earthquake catalog using single-link cluster (SLC) analysis, with a combined space–time metric. In the regions examined, hydroacoustic data improve the completeness level of the earthquake catalog by 1.5–2.0 orders of magnitude, allowing the decay constant, p, of the modified Omori law (MOL) to be determined for individual sequences. A non-parametric goodness-of-fit test indicates six of the seven sequences examined are described well by a MOL model. The p-values obtained for individual ridge and transform sequences using hydroacoustic data are larger than that previously estimated from the analysis of a stacked sequence generated from teleseismic data. For three sequences along the Siqueiros, Discovery and western Blanco Transforms, p-values are estimated to be 0.94–1.29. The spatial distribution of aftershocks suggests that the mainshock rupture is constrained by intra-transform spreading centers at these locations. An aftershock sequence following a 7.1M_s thrust event near the northern edge of the Easter Microplate exhibits p=1.02±0.11. Within the sequence, aftershocks are located to the north of a large topographic ridge, which may represent the surface expression of the shallow-dipping fault that ruptured during the mainshock. Two aftershock sequences near 24°25′N and 16°35′N on the MAR exhibit higher p-values, 1.74±0.23 and 2.37±1.65, although the latter estimate is not well constrained because of the small number of aftershocks. Larger p-values along the ridge crest might reflect a hotter thermal regime in this setting. Additional monitoring, however, will be needed to determine if p-value differences between the ridge and transform sequences are robust. A 1999 sequence on the Endeavour segment of the JdFR, which has been correlated with changes in the hydrothermal system, is described poorly by the MOL model. The failure of the MOL model, the anomalously large number of earthquakes within the sequence and absence of a clearly dominant mainshock are inconsistent with aftershock activity and the simple tectonic origin that has been proposed previously for this sequence.  相似文献   

加强气象法制工作促进气象事业发展     

王晓录  李林青 《山西气象》2002,(3):36-39

山西省气象部门在局党组的领导下，认真贯彻实施《气象法》、《山西省气象条例》。全面推行依法行政，深入开展行政执法，有效地保证了气象事业健康，快速发展。山西省各级气象部门通过健全组织机构，加强制度建设，开展法制宣传，加强发展队伍建设，强化行政执法，协助地方人大开展执法大检查等方式和手段，全面推进气象法制工作，取得了一些宝贵的经验，为全面贯彻“依法兴气象”战略打下了基础。  相似文献   

中国西部经济社会地域分异规律研究   总被引：15，自引：3，他引：15  

董锁成  王传胜  尤飞  薛东前 《地理研究》2002,21(4):399-406

本文应用定性与定量相结合的方法及GIS技术 ,选取反映地区发展状况的 12项主要指标 ,对西部 10 6个地州市的经济社会发展状况进行了综合评价 ,分析了西部经济社会地域分异特征 ,揭示了西部经济社会发展的地域分异规律。文章认为 ,影响西部经济社会地域分异的主要因素包括 :西部自然环境地域分异决定了社会经济地域分异的基本格局 ;农业资源的地域组合决定着农业生产的地域分异 ;能矿资源的地域组合及开发决定了能矿工业基地和一些矿业城镇的地域分异 ;重要城市和经济较发达区域沿主要河流沿岸和交通沿线扩展的点 轴式地域分异规律 ;区位、资源、劳动力、技术、市场、政策等要素的地域组合 ,决定着经济地域类型 ;西部经济社会发展在地域分异上较高的相关性 ,导致社会经济与生态环境不相协调的矛盾十分尖锐 ,生态环境已经对社会经济发展形成了强约束。  相似文献   

On the frequency distribution of turbidite thickness   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Peter J. Talling 《Sedimentology》2001,48(6):1297-1329

The frequency distribution of turbidite thickness records information on flow hydrodynamics, initial sediment volumes and source migration and is an important component of petroleum reservoir models. However, the nature of this thickness distribution is currently uncertain, with log‐normal or negative‐exponential frequency distributions and power‐law cumulative frequency distributions having been proposed by different authors. A detailed analysis of the Miocene Marnoso Arenacea Formation of the Italian Apennines shows that turbidite bed thickness and sand‐interval thickness within each bed have a frequency distribution comprising the sum of a series of log‐normal frequency distributions. These strata were deposited predominantly in a basin‐plain setting, and bed amalgamation is relatively rare. Beds or sand intervals truncated by erosion were excluded from this analysis. Each log‐normal frequency distribution characterizes bed or sand‐interval thickness for a given basal grain‐size or basal Bouma division. Measurements from the Silurian Aberystwyth Grits in Wales, the Cretaceous Great Valley Sequence in California and the Permian Karoo Basin in South Africa show that this conclusion holds for sequences of disparate age and variable location. The median thickness of these log‐normal distributions is positively correlated with basal grain‐size. The power‐law exponent relating the basal grain‐size and median thickness is different for turbidites with a basal A or B division and those with only C, D and E divisions. These two types of turbidite have been termed ‘thin bedded’ and ‘thick bedded’ by previous workers. A change in the power‐law exponent is proposed to be related to: (i) a transition from viscous to inertial settling of sediment grains; and (ii) hindered settling at high sediment concentrations. The bimodal thickness distribution of ‘thin‐bedded’ and ‘thick‐bedded’ turbidites noted by previous workers is explained as the result of a change in the power‐law exponent. This analysis supports the view that A and B divisions were deposited from high‐concentration flow components and that distinct grain‐size modes undergo different depositional processes. Summation of log‐normal frequency distributions for thin‐ and thick‐bedded turbidites produces a cumulative frequency distribution of thickness with a segmented power‐law trend. Thus, the occurrence of both log‐normal and segmented power‐law frequency distributions can be explained in a holistic fashion. Power‐law frequency distributions of turbidite thickness have previously been linked to power‐law distributions of earthquake magnitude or volumes of submarine slope failure. The log‐normal distribution for a given grain‐size class observed in this study suggests an alternative view, that turbidite thickness is determined by the multiplicative addition of several randomly distributed parameters, in addition to the settling velocity of the grain‐sizes present.  相似文献